"foshiꞌ" meaning in All languages combined

See foshiꞌ on Wiktionary

Noun [Chickasaw]

IPA: /fo.ʃiʔ/
Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Muskogean *xʷosiCₐₐi. Compare Choctaw hoshi, Alabama foosi, Koasati foosi, Hitchiti foosi, Mikasuki foosi, Creek fuswv. Etymology templates: {{yesno||i|I}} I, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|cic|nai-mus-pro|*xʷosiCi|*xʷosiCₐₐi||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Proto-Muskogean *xʷosiCₐₐi, {{inh+|cic|nai-mus-pro|*xʷosiCi|*xʷosiCₐₐi}} Inherited from Proto-Muskogean *xʷosiCₐₐi, {{cog|cho|hoshi}} Choctaw hoshi, {{cog|akz|foosi}} Alabama foosi, {{cog|cku|foosi}} Koasati foosi, {{cog|nai-hit|foosi}} Hitchiti foosi, {{cog|mik|foosi}} Mikasuki foosi, {{cog|mus|fuswv}} Creek fuswv Head templates: {{head|cic|noun|alienable|cat2=alienable nouns}} foshiꞌ (alienable) Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], a̠foshiꞌ [first-person, possessive, singular], a̠-foshiꞌ [first-person, possessive, singular], po̠foshiꞌ [first-person, plural, possessive], po̠-foshiꞌ [first-person, plural, possessive], hapo̠foshiꞌ [first-person, inclusive, possessive, tri-plural], hapo̠-foshiꞌ [first-person, inclusive, possessive, tri-plural], chi̠foshiꞌ [possessive, second-person, singular], chi̠-foshiꞌ [possessive, second-person, singular], hachi̠foshiꞌ [plural, possessive, second-person], hachi̠foshiꞌ [possessive, second-person, tri-plural], hachi̠-foshiꞌ [plural, possessive, second-person], hachi̠-foshiꞌ [possessive, second-person, tri-plural], i̠foshiꞌ [possessive, third-person], i̠-foshiꞌ [possessive, third-person], foshi [alternative]
  1. bird Tags: alienable
    Sense id: en-foshiꞌ-cic-noun-elF57swP Categories (other): Chickasaw entries with incorrect language header, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Birds Derived forms: aachompaꞌ foshiꞌ, fosh-ato̱ꞌchiꞌ, fosh-ibichchalaꞌ, fosh-oshiꞌ, foshhommak, foshi-hoyoꞌ, foshilhpichik, foshinchokkaꞌ, foshiyyiꞌ, foshiꞌ aalhtoꞌ, foshiꞌ anompoliꞌ, foshiꞌ chaahaꞌ, foshiꞌ hinaꞌ, foshiꞌ hishiꞌ, foshiꞌ hommaꞌ, foshiꞌ ishkalashaꞌ hasimbish, foshiꞌ palhkiꞌ, foshiꞌ taloowaꞌ, foshiꞌ tolhposiꞌ, foshiꞌ yaayaꞌ, hilowi̱foshiꞌ, ofiꞌ foshiꞌ hoyoꞌ, okkata foshiꞌ, oksi̱foshiꞌ, oktaak foshiꞌ, oktiꞌ foshiꞌ, oktoshaꞌ foshiꞌ
     
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cic",
        "2": "nai-mus-pro",
        "3": "*xʷosiCi",
        "4": "*xʷosiCₐₐi",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Muskogean *xʷosiCₐₐi",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cic",
        "2": "nai-mus-pro",
        "3": "*xʷosiCi",
        "4": "*xʷosiCₐₐi"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Muskogean *xʷosiCₐₐi",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cho",
        "2": "hoshi"
      },
      "expansion": "Choctaw hoshi",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "akz",
        "2": "foosi"
      },
      "expansion": "Alabama foosi",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cku",
        "2": "foosi"
      },
      "expansion": "Koasati foosi",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nai-hit",
        "2": "foosi"
      },
      "expansion": "Hitchiti foosi",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mik",
        "2": "foosi"
      },
      "expansion": "Mikasuki foosi",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mus",
        "2": "fuswv"
      },
      "expansion": "Creek fuswv",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Muskogean *xʷosiCₐₐi. Compare Choctaw hoshi, Alabama foosi, Koasati foosi, Hitchiti foosi, Mikasuki foosi, Creek fuswv.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cic-possession-3-m-n-airflow",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a̠foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a̠-foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "po̠foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "po̠-foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hapo̠foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "inclusive",
        "possessive",
        "tri-plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hapo̠-foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "inclusive",
        "possessive",
        "tri-plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chi̠foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chi̠-foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hachi̠foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hachi̠foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "tri-plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hachi̠-foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hachi̠-foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "tri-plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "i̠foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "i̠-foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foshi",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cic",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "alienable",
        "cat2": "alienable nouns"
      },
      "expansion": "foshiꞌ (alienable)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chickasaw",
  "lang_code": "cic",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chickasaw entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "langcode": "cic",
          "name": "Birds",
          "orig": "cic:Birds",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "aachompaꞌ foshiꞌ"
        },
        {
          "word": "fosh-ato̱ꞌchiꞌ"
        },
        {
          "word": "fosh-ibichchalaꞌ"
        },
        {
          "word": "fosh-oshiꞌ"
        },
        {
          "word": "foshhommak"
        },
        {
          "word": "foshi-hoyoꞌ"
        },
        {
          "word": "foshilhpichik"
        },
        {
          "word": "foshinchokkaꞌ"
        },
        {
          "word": "foshiyyiꞌ"
        },
        {
          "word": "foshiꞌ aalhtoꞌ"
        },
        {
          "word": "foshiꞌ anompoliꞌ"
        },
        {
          "word": "foshiꞌ chaahaꞌ"
        },
        {
          "word": "foshiꞌ hinaꞌ"
        },
        {
          "word": "foshiꞌ hishiꞌ"
        },
        {
          "word": "foshiꞌ hommaꞌ"
        },
        {
          "word": "foshiꞌ ishkalashaꞌ hasimbish"
        },
        {
          "word": "foshiꞌ palhkiꞌ"
        },
        {
          "word": "foshiꞌ taloowaꞌ"
        },
        {
          "word": "foshiꞌ tolhposiꞌ"
        },
        {
          "word": "foshiꞌ yaayaꞌ"
        },
        {
          "word": "hilowi̱foshiꞌ"
        },
        {
          "word": "ofiꞌ foshiꞌ hoyoꞌ"
        },
        {
          "word": "okkata foshiꞌ"
        },
        {
          "word": "oksi̱foshiꞌ"
        },
        {
          "word": "oktaak foshiꞌ"
        },
        {
          "word": "oktiꞌ foshiꞌ"
        },
        {
          "word": "oktoshaꞌ foshiꞌ"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bird"
      ],
      "id": "en-foshiꞌ-cic-noun-elF57swP",
      "links": [
        [
          "bird",
          "bird"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alienable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/fo.ʃiʔ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "foshiꞌ"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "aachompaꞌ foshiꞌ"
    },
    {
      "word": "fosh-ato̱ꞌchiꞌ"
    },
    {
      "word": "fosh-ibichchalaꞌ"
    },
    {
      "word": "fosh-oshiꞌ"
    },
    {
      "word": "foshhommak"
    },
    {
      "word": "foshi-hoyoꞌ"
    },
    {
      "word": "foshilhpichik"
    },
    {
      "word": "foshinchokkaꞌ"
    },
    {
      "word": "foshiyyiꞌ"
    },
    {
      "word": "foshiꞌ aalhtoꞌ"
    },
    {
      "word": "foshiꞌ anompoliꞌ"
    },
    {
      "word": "foshiꞌ chaahaꞌ"
    },
    {
      "word": "foshiꞌ hinaꞌ"
    },
    {
      "word": "foshiꞌ hishiꞌ"
    },
    {
      "word": "foshiꞌ hommaꞌ"
    },
    {
      "word": "foshiꞌ ishkalashaꞌ hasimbish"
    },
    {
      "word": "foshiꞌ palhkiꞌ"
    },
    {
      "word": "foshiꞌ taloowaꞌ"
    },
    {
      "word": "foshiꞌ tolhposiꞌ"
    },
    {
      "word": "foshiꞌ yaayaꞌ"
    },
    {
      "word": "hilowi̱foshiꞌ"
    },
    {
      "word": "ofiꞌ foshiꞌ hoyoꞌ"
    },
    {
      "word": "okkata foshiꞌ"
    },
    {
      "word": "oksi̱foshiꞌ"
    },
    {
      "word": "oktaak foshiꞌ"
    },
    {
      "word": "oktiꞌ foshiꞌ"
    },
    {
      "word": "oktoshaꞌ foshiꞌ"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "i",
        "3": "I"
      },
      "expansion": "I",
      "name": "yesno"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cic",
        "2": "nai-mus-pro",
        "3": "*xʷosiCi",
        "4": "*xʷosiCₐₐi",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Muskogean *xʷosiCₐₐi",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cic",
        "2": "nai-mus-pro",
        "3": "*xʷosiCi",
        "4": "*xʷosiCₐₐi"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Muskogean *xʷosiCₐₐi",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cho",
        "2": "hoshi"
      },
      "expansion": "Choctaw hoshi",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "akz",
        "2": "foosi"
      },
      "expansion": "Alabama foosi",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cku",
        "2": "foosi"
      },
      "expansion": "Koasati foosi",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "nai-hit",
        "2": "foosi"
      },
      "expansion": "Hitchiti foosi",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mik",
        "2": "foosi"
      },
      "expansion": "Mikasuki foosi",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "mus",
        "2": "fuswv"
      },
      "expansion": "Creek fuswv",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Muskogean *xʷosiCₐₐi. Compare Choctaw hoshi, Alabama foosi, Koasati foosi, Hitchiti foosi, Mikasuki foosi, Creek fuswv.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cic-possession-3-m-n-airflow",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a̠foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a̠-foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "possessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "po̠foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "po̠-foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "possessive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hapo̠foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "inclusive",
        "possessive",
        "tri-plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hapo̠-foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "inclusive",
        "possessive",
        "tri-plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chi̠foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chi̠-foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hachi̠foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hachi̠foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "tri-plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hachi̠-foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "possessive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hachi̠-foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "second-person",
        "tri-plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "i̠foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "i̠-foshiꞌ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "possessive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "foshi",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cic",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "alienable",
        "cat2": "alienable nouns"
      },
      "expansion": "foshiꞌ (alienable)",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chickasaw",
  "lang_code": "cic",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Chickasaw alienable nouns",
        "Chickasaw entries with incorrect language header",
        "Chickasaw lemmas",
        "Chickasaw nouns",
        "Chickasaw terms derived from Proto-Muskogean",
        "Chickasaw terms inherited from Proto-Muskogean",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "cic:Birds"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bird"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bird",
          "bird"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "alienable"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/fo.ʃiʔ/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "foshiꞌ"
}

Download raw JSONL data for foshiꞌ meaning in All languages combined (4.4kB)

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Nouns in nasal consonants m- or n-, or «airflow» consonants f-, h-, l-, lh-, s-, sh-, w-, y-'",
  "path": [
    "foshiꞌ"
  ],
  "section": "Chickasaw",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "foshiꞌ",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
  "msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
  "path": [
    "foshiꞌ",
    "Template:cog",
    "#invoke",
    "#invoke",
    "Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()"
  ],
  "section": "Chickasaw",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "foshiꞌ",
  "trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n  a { color: #9e9eff; }\n  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n  .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 83580551<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Mon, 10 Aug 2026 09:24:28 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}

{
  "called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
  "msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
  "path": [
    "foshiꞌ",
    "Template:cog",
    "#invoke",
    "#invoke",
    "Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()"
  ],
  "section": "Chickasaw",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "foshiꞌ",
  "trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n  a { color: #9e9eff; }\n  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n  .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 103097939<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Mon, 10 Aug 2026 09:25:23 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}

{
  "called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
  "msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
  "path": [
    "foshiꞌ",
    "Template:cog",
    "#invoke",
    "#invoke",
    "Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()"
  ],
  "section": "Chickasaw",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "foshiꞌ",
  "trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n  a { color: #9e9eff; }\n  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n  .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 95172211<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Mon, 10 Aug 2026 09:26:18 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}

{
  "called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
  "msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
  "path": [
    "foshiꞌ",
    "Template:cog",
    "#invoke",
    "#invoke",
    "Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()"
  ],
  "section": "Chickasaw",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "foshiꞌ",
  "trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n  a { color: #9e9eff; }\n  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n  .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 105616870<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Mon, 10 Aug 2026 09:27:13 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}

{
  "called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
  "msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
  "path": [
    "foshiꞌ",
    "Template:cog",
    "#invoke",
    "#invoke",
    "Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()"
  ],
  "section": "Chickasaw",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "foshiꞌ",
  "trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n  a { color: #9e9eff; }\n  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n  .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 96450065<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Mon, 10 Aug 2026 09:28:08 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}

{
  "called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
  "msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
  "path": [
    "foshiꞌ",
    "Template:cog",
    "#invoke",
    "#invoke",
    "Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()"
  ],
  "section": "Chickasaw",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "foshiꞌ",
  "trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n  a { color: #9e9eff; }\n  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n  .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 102934221<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Mon, 10 Aug 2026 09:29:04 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}

{
  "called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
  "msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
  "path": [
    "foshiꞌ",
    "Template:cog",
    "#invoke",
    "#invoke",
    "Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()"
  ],
  "section": "Chickasaw",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "foshiꞌ",
  "trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n  a { color: #9e9eff; }\n  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n  .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 87476049<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Mon, 10 Aug 2026 09:29:59 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}

{
  "called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
  "msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
  "path": [
    "foshiꞌ",
    "Template:cog",
    "#invoke",
    "#invoke",
    "Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()"
  ],
  "section": "Chickasaw",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "foshiꞌ",
  "trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n  a { color: #9e9eff; }\n  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n  .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 77161078<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Mon, 10 Aug 2026 09:30:54 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}

{
  "called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
  "msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
  "path": [
    "foshiꞌ",
    "Template:cog",
    "#invoke",
    "#invoke",
    "Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()"
  ],
  "section": "Chickasaw",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "foshiꞌ",
  "trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n  a { color: #9e9eff; }\n  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n  .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 106078751<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Mon, 10 Aug 2026 09:31:49 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}

{
  "called_from": "query_wikidata_json",
  "msg": "WIKIDATA QUERY failed",
  "path": [
    "foshiꞌ",
    "Template:cog",
    "#invoke",
    "#invoke",
    "Lua:Module:etymology/templates:cognate()"
  ],
  "section": "Chickasaw",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "foshiꞌ",
  "trace": "<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html lang=\"en\">\n<meta charset=\"utf-8\">\n<title>Wikimedia Error</title>\n<style>\n* { margin: 0; padding: 0; }\nbody { background: #fff; font: 15px/1.6 sans-serif; color: #333; }\n.content { margin: 7% auto 0; padding: 2em 1em 1em; max-width: 640px; display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; }\n.footer { clear: both; margin-top: 14%; border-top: 1px solid #e5e5e5; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 2em 0; font-size: 0.8em; text-align: center; }\nimg { margin: 0 2em 2em 0; }\na img { border: 0; }\nh1 { margin-top: 1em; font-size: 1.2em; }\n.content-text { flex: 1; }\np { margin: 0.7em 0 1em 0; }\na { color: #0645ad; text-decoration: none; }\na:hover { text-decoration: underline; }\ncode { font-family: sans-serif; }\nsummary { font-weight: bold; cursor: pointer; }\ndetails[open] { background: #970302; color: #dfdedd; }\n.text-muted { color: #777; }\n@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {\n  a { color: #9e9eff; }\n  body { background: transparent; color: #ddd; }\n  .footer { border-top: 1px solid #444; background: #060606; }\n  #logo { filter: invert(1) hue-rotate(180deg); }\n  .text-muted { color: #888; }\n}\n</style>\n<meta name=\"color-scheme\" content=\"light dark\">\n<div class=\"content\" role=\"main\">\n<a href=\"https://www.wikimedia.org\"><img id=\"logo\" src=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo.png\" srcset=\"https://www.wikimedia.org/static/images/wmf-logo-2x.png 2x\" alt=\"Wikimedia\" width=\"135\" height=\"101\">\n</a>\n<div class=\"content-text\">\n<h1>Error</h1>\n\n<p>Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81)</p>\n</div>\n</div>\n<div class=\"footer\"><p>If you report this error to the Wikimedia System Administrators, please include the details below.</p><p class=\"text-muted\"><code>Request served via cp3073 cp3073, Varnish XID 88097177<br>Upstream caches: cp3073 int<br>Error: 429, Your bot is making too many requests. Please reduce your request rate or contact bot-traffic@wikimedia.org (f263c81) at Mon, 10 Aug 2026 09:32:44 GMT<br><details><summary>Sensitive client information</summary>IP address: 91.207.79.37</details></code></p>\n</div>\n</html>\n"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (be32728 and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.